Umusaruro wa ogisijeni mu ngandaibikoresho, nkuko izina ribivuga, ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda zitanga ogisijeni.
None ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukora ogisijeni mu nganda?
Mubisanzwe dukoresha uburyo bwo gukora ogisijeni mu kubora hydrogen peroxide cyangwa potasiyumu permanganate muri laboratoire, ifite ibimenyetso biranga reaction yihuse, gukora byoroshye no gukusanya byoroshye imashini ikora ogisijeni yinganda, ariko igiciro ni kinini kandi ntigishobora kubyazwa umusaruro munini ingano, bityo irashobora gukoreshwa gusa muri laboratoire.Umusaruro w’inganda ugomba gusuzuma niba imashini itanga ingufu za ogisijeni itanga ikirango cyoroshye kubona, niba igiciro gihenze, niba igiciro ari gito, niba gishobora gukorwa ku bwinshi n’ingaruka ku bidukikije.
Ibikurikira bisobanura uburyo bwihariye bwaumusaruro wa ogisijeni mu nganda.
1. Uburyo bwo gutandukanya ikirere
Ibice nyamukuru bigize umwuka ni ogisijeni na azote.Gukoresha ogisijeni na azote itetse biratandukanye, gutegura ogisijeni iva mu kirere byitwa uburyo bwo gutandukanya umwuka.Mbere ya byose, umwuka ubanziriza gukonjesha, kwezwa (gukuramo amazi make, dioxyde de carbone, acetylene, hydrocarbone nizindi myuka n ivumbi nindi myanda yo mu kirere), hanyuma bigahagarikwa, bikonje, kuburyo icumi bya mbere ibirango bya ogisijeni itanga umwuka mubi.
Noneho, ukoresheje itandukaniro riri hagati yibintu bitetse bya ogisijeni na azote, umwuka wamazi uhumeka kandi ugahinduka inshuro nyinshi muminara ya distillation kugirango utandukanye ogisijeni na azote.Niba wongeyeho ibikoresho bimwe byinyongera, urashobora kandi gukuramo argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon nizindi myuka idasanzwe ya inert irimo bike cyane mukirere.Umwuka wa ogisijeni ukorwa nigikoresho cyo gutandukanya ikirere uhagarikwa na compressor, hanyuma amaherezo umwuka wa ogisijeni ugabanijwe ushyirwa muri silinderi yumuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ubike, cyangwa ujyanwa mu nganda n’amahugurwa binyuze mu miyoboro.
2. Uburyo bwa molekile ya elegitoronike uburyo bwo gukora ogisijeni (uburyo bwa adsorption)
Ukoresheje ibiranga molekile ya azote iruta molekile ya ogisijeni, ogisijeni yo mu kirere iratandukana ikoresheje icyuma cyabugenewe cyabugenewe.Ubwa mbere, compressor ihatira umwuka wumye unyuze mumashanyarazi ya vacuum adsorber, molekile ya azote yo mu kirere ihindurwamo icyuma cya molekile, ogisijeni muri adsorber, iyo ogisijeni iri muri adsorber igeze ku rugero runaka (umuvuduko ugera kuri runaka) urwego), urashobora gufungura ogisijeni kugirango urekure ogisijeni.
Nyuma yigihe runaka, azote yamamajwe na sikeli ya molekile yiyongera buhoro buhoro, ubushobozi bwa adsorption bugabanuka, kandi isuku ya ogisijeni isohoka iragabanuka, bityo azote yandikiwe kumashanyarazi ya molekile ikenera kuvomwa na pompe vacuum, hanyuma ikabisubiramo inzira yavuzwe haruguru.Ubu buryo bwo gukora ogisijeni nabwo bwitwa uburyo bwa adsorption.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2021